Negotiations on a pandemic instrument will resume on 12 to 16 June at the World Health Organization’s headquarters in Geneva.
However, the Bureau of the Intergovernmental Negotiating Body (INB) has proposed a work programme for the resumed session of the 5th meeting of the INB that invites relevant ideas and concepts on a text prepared by the Bureau, instead of textual proposals from Member States.
Throughout the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, inequities in access to COVID-19 vaccines, diagnostics and therapeutics have been vast and persistent. By the end of 2022, only 26% of people in low income countries had received a COVID-19 vaccine dose.1 Less than one in 50 of the three billion diagnostic tests administered globally by March 2022 were performed in low income countries.2 Further, low and middle income countries have had very little access to therapeutics, particularly antivirals such as nirmatrelvir–ritonavir (Paxlovid, Pfizer) and molnupiravir (Lagevrio, Merck Sharpe & Dohme).2
In today’s edition we bring you a guest essay from a group of human rights scholars, keen on shaping the discussions towards a new Pandemic Accord in a way that reflects such considerations in the governance of pandemics. In this piece, they pick apart current provisions and suggest priorities for the on-going negotiations.
The authors say, “Framing the substance of the Pandemic Treaty, human rights must be central to global health obligations, as the right to health provides a central normative foundation in preparing for and responding to pandemics.”
We hope you enjoy reading this timely and important commentary on a somewhat neglected area in the on-going negotiations of global health law reforms.
A new “Zero+” version of a proposed World Health Organization pandemic accord being negotiated by member states has dropped previously strong language that conditioned use of public R&D funds to private sector commitments to price transparency and tech transfer of end products, among other measuress.
However, the updated draft text, obtained by Health Policy Watch, still contains ‘optional’ language linking developing countries’ sharing of pathogen information to a guaranteed supply of drugs, vaccines and other health tools that they would access a WHO distribution scheme.
While not a formal part of this week’s World Health Assembly (WHA) proceedings, the text drafted by the “Bureau” of six member states guiding the talks is being circulated this week as they prepare for another round of negotiations over the new accord, scheduled by the Intergovernmental Negotiating Body (INB) 12-16 June.
Member states have been given nine days to comment on the ‘Zero draft of the Political Declaration on Pandemic Preparedness and Response, due to be adopted at the United Nations (UN) High-Level Meeting (HLM) on 20 September – with insiders describing the draft as “underwhelming”.
The HLM is essential for boosting waning political commitment to pandemic preparedness and response amid a myriad of urgent post-COVID recovery issues vying for politicians’ attention and financing.
The 14-page “zero-draft”, sent to member states on Monday with a comments deadline of 14 June, is deferential to the two ongoing negotiations on the pandemic accord and International Health Regulations (IHR) amendments being conducted by the World Health Organization (WHO). These will only conclude in May 2024.
The Zero Draft of the WHO CA+ is used as the basis for comparison using a thematic approach, with a consequent review of the relevant provisions in the Draft Bureau’s text of the WHO CA+. This comparison document includes only the following themes: objectives and scope, general principles and approaches, co-development and transfer of technology and know-how, research & development, access and benefit sharing, preparedness, readiness and resilience, one health, financing, preparedness monitoring and functional reviews, and governance (bodies, reporting, implementation, compliance, and committees).
Under its G20 presidency, India has proposed a medical countermeasure coordination platform to effectively deal with challenges of any COVID-like pandemic.
Dr Michael Ryan, Executive Director at WHO Health Emergency Programme in Geneva, who is attending the third G20 Health Working Group meeting being held here from June 4 to 6, said the future of health and pandemic preparedness is stronger with the leadership of India in this meeting.
"We are discussing the pandemic preparedness and response and how to chart a future path so that we all respond better to the next pandemic.
"India in G20's leadership is highlighting this issue and talking about how we work together on medical countermeasures, how we make better vaccines and drugs, how do we get them to people quicker, and how do we make the whole system fair so that people who really need things get them as soon as possible," Dr Ryan said, adding, "India is in a very strong position to do that."
In the aftermath of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) 76th World Health Assembly, the pace of WHO negotiations on: 1) a pandemic treaty and 2) amendments to the International Health Regulations (IHR) will intensify over the coming months. WHO’s informal list of intergovernmental meetings is published here: https://apps.who.int/gb/gov/en/intergovernmental-meeting_en.html.
The Medical Countermeasures Platform that is being discussed by WHO and partners, has emerged clearly in the draft text of the Political Declaration on Pandemic Prevention, Preparedness and Response, for the United Nations General Assembly High-level Meeting in September 2023.
In the latest version of the text, dated June 20th, seen by Geneva Health Files, there have been several references to the medical countermeasures platform. Of course, this should not be surprising given that the idea for such a platform has steadily moved this year through WHO, the G7, the G20, the Johannesburg processes and now in New York.
The World Health Organization’s new pandemic preparedness treaty is being watered down and stripped of the key stipulations needed to prevent another global health disaster, say leading international health experts and civil society groups.
WHO’s 194 member states agreed in December 2021 to draw up a new convention to ensure that the world would be prepared for future global health threats and to prevent the “catastrophic failure” seen during the covid pandemic.1
The “zero draft” of the accord, published in February, had excited observers because its scope went beyond the closest existing legally binding framework, the International Health Regulations. That draft stipulated strong obligations for information sharing and the importance of having a strong health workforce and universal healthcare, among other requirements.
